Effective mental health support for unaccompanied refugee minors . Standard Western therapeutic models, often centered on individual verbal disclosure, frequently prove inadequate or even counterproductive. These children have navigated immense trauma, loss, and displacement, leading to high rates of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress. For instance, community-based approaches that utilize storytelling, art, and traditional rituals from the minors’ home cultures have demonstrated greater success in building trust and fostering a sense of collective healing. A program in Germany incorporating Afghan folklore reported a 40% greater reduction in trauma symptoms compared to standard talk therapy. The goal is not merely to treat symptoms but to nurture resilience by reinforcing their cultural identity, which serves as a protective psychological anchor. Ultimately, trauma-informed care in this context is about creating a bridge between their past and future, validating their experiences while equipping them with tools for long-term integration and well-being.

* unaccompanied: 동반자 없는 ** counterproductive: 역효과를 낳는 *** resilience: 회복력

① adapts models based upon standard Western therapeutic approaches

② builds programs designed for their immediate trust issues

③ improves therapies centered on the individual verbal disclosure

④ demands interventions tailored to their specific cultural contexts

⑤ assures outcomes based upon their full cultural integration

# 10009

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오 (심리학 + 교육 정책/법학/윤리학/사회학)

The widespread use of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tests in educational placement and employment screening rests on the assumption of their predictive validity. Proponents argue that these assessments provide an objective measure of cognitive ability, correlating positively with academic and professional success. However, this perspective often ignores significant ethical complications and inherent biases. As the late Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould extensively documented in his book The Mismeasure of Man, such tests historically reflect the cultural and educational norms of the dominant group. Consequently, the core ethical dilemma . Test questions that presuppose specific cultural knowledge can systematically disadvantage individuals from different backgrounds, perpetuating cycles of inequality. Therefore, a critical examination of these tools is essential, prompting a search for alternative assessment frameworks that more fairly evaluate individual potential. The pursuit of fairness pushes society to reconsider whether intelligence can truly be captured by a single, standardized score.

* validity: 타당성 ** inherent: 내재된 *** perpetuating: 영속시키는

① lies in balancing institutional efficiency with principles of social equity

② stems from presupposing specific cultural knowledge in educational placement screening

③ comes from designing these assessment frameworks to perpetuate social inequality

④ reflects the inherent biases documented in the book The Mismeasure

⑤ results from social inequality affecting the test's overall predictive validity

# 10010

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오 (응급 의료 서비스 + 법 집행 연구/위기 커뮤니케이션)

In the chaotic environment of an active threat, such as a public shooting, the success of the emergency response hinges on seamless interagency collaboration. Historically, however, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and law enforcement personnel have operated with distinct communication systems and terminology, creating dangerous information silos. This operational disconnect can lead to delayed medical intervention for victims and increased risk for the responders themselves. According to Timothy Coombs' Situational Crisis Communication Theory, effective crisis messaging reduces uncertainty and enhances stakeholder cooperation. Standardized communication protocols thus . For example, implementing a unified command structure with plain-language directives, replacing agency-specific codes, has been shown to decrease response times by over 25% in simulated exercises. These structured frameworks facilitate real-time decision-making by ensuring that critical information—such as casualty locations and suspect status — is clearly and consistently relayed. Ultimately, rigorous joint training on these protocols is indispensable for transforming theoretical plans into effective, life-saving action during high-stakes emergencies.

* interagency : 중간적[중개] (정부) 기관 ** silos: 부서 이기주의 *** indispensable: 필수적인

① act as a main reason for removing all communication silos

② serve as a critical mechanism for synchronizing tactical operations

③ depend on a unified command for creating agency-specific codes

④ result in a final solution for preventing all active threats

⑤ work as a practical model for Coombs' communication crisis theory