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Traditionally, Kuhn claims, the primary goal of historians  of science was 'to clarify and deepen an understanding  of contemporary scientific methods or concepts by  displaying their evolution'.  (B) This entailed relating the progressive accumulation  of breakthroughs and discoveries. Only that which  survived in some form in the present was considered  relevant. In the mid-1950s, however, a number of faults  in this view of history became apparent. Closer analysis  of scientific discoveries, for instance, led historians to  ask whether the dates of discoveries and their  discoverers can be identified precisely.  (A) Some discoveries seem to entail numerous phases  and discoverers, none of which can be identified as  definitive. Furthermore, the evaluation of past  discoveries and discoverers according to present-day  standards does not allow us to see how significant  they may have been in their own day.  (C) Nor does the traditional view recognise the role  that non-intellectual factors, especially institutional  and socio-economic ones, play in scientific  developments. Most importantly, however, the  traditional historian of science seems blind to the  fact that the concepts, questions and standards that  they use to frame the past are themselves subject  to historical change.   출처: 2020학년도 수능 영어 37번 문항

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