While rapid population growth for the world may be the defining feature of the 20th century, the hallmark of the 21st century is likely to be population aging. The consequences of population aging are reverberating across the globe, including challenging the existing world order and impacting virtually every aspect of society, including economic activity, investments, politics, taxation, education, housing, household/family structure, retirement, pensions, and healthcare services.

Due to the declines in fertility as well as mortality, the age structure of world population has aged markedly. For example, the median age of world population has increased by six years over the past seven decades, i.e., from 24 to 30 years. In addition, the elderly proportion aged 80 years or older has tripled over this time period, increasing from about 0.5% to 1.6%.

Throughout much of human history population age structures were comparatively young. In the past century, for example, the percentage of elderly, those aged 65 years and older, averaged around 5%. In striking contrast, the proportion of elderly will more than triple during the 21st century.

Nearly all the G20 countries, which together account for more than 80% of world GDP, 75% of global trade and 60% of world population, are expected to have no less than one-quarter of their populations aged 65 years and older by 2100. And eight of those countries, including China, Germany, Italy, and Japan, are projected to have one-third or more of their population elderly by the close of the century.

As a result of continuing low birth rates and increased longevity, population aging will be even more critical during the 21st century. In many countries, including Germany, Italy, Japan and Spain, the potential support ratio, which is the ratio of the working age population aged 15 to 64 years per one person 65 years or older, is projected to decline to less than two people in the working ages per one elderly person.

Due to the increasing elderly population coupled with the relative decline of workers paying taxes, many countries are confronting difficult choices concerning budgetary allocations, taxation levels and provision of social and health services. To avoid controversial budgetary reforms and unpopular tax increases, some governments are reducing expenditures and entitlements for the elderly and shifting more of the costs for support, care giving and health services to the individual and their families.

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POWER OF GRAVITY · 1192340 · 22/12/10 23:24 · MS 2022

3줄 요약좀

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중요한 것은 꺾이지 않는 마음 · 1134039 · 22/12/10 23:24 · MS 2022

oh fuck

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마로니에공원 · 1174558 · 22/12/10 23:25 · MS 2022

좋은 글이네요

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고려우유 · 976710 · 22/12/10 23:25 · MS 2020

영작을 하는거였군요 헉

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최초합-추합-불합. · 1006813 · 22/12/10 23:26 · MS 2020

'괜찮은데?' 하다가 문제 보고 경악함

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No.99 Aaron Judge · 919199 · 22/12/16 02:55 · MS 2019

1.
Contrast to the most of the human history, the percentage of the eldery of the countries have grown strikingly. This tendency is much bigger to the G20 countries. The situation will make drastic effect on every aspect of society, including economic activity, and challenging the world order.

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No.99 Aaron Judge · 919199 · 22/12/16 02:55 · MS 2019

왤케어려워오..

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